Yellow River
Yellow River is the largest sandy river in the world. It is the fifth largest river all around the world with the length of 5464 kilometers. Overlooked from the sky, it looks like a huge Chinese character "几" and the unique Chinese totem dragon. Huanghe is the second largest river in China. It goes through 9 provinces and autonomous regions starting from Qinghai Province via Sichuan, Gansu, Ningxia, Inner Mongolia,Shaanxi, Shanxi, Henan and Shandong to the Bohai sea. Its coverage area is 750,000 square kilometers. On the way, there are 35 main branches like Huang River, Qingshui River, Fen River, Wei River, Luo River and so on. It passes cross Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, Loess Plateau and north China plain.
Yellow River carries a large amount of mud and sediment and annual transport capacity is average 1.6 billion tons, equivalent to 1 stere claybank around the Earth 27 laps. Siltation in the lower reaches of the river each year is 400 million tons. Yellow River towers dozen meters above the ground and it is considered as the "hanging river." In the past 2500 years, the bank of Yellow river was collapsed for 1590 times and changed its route for 26 times. Many local people along the Yellow River are benefited from their mother river. Irrigation via Yellow River was lasted for more than 2000 years. But generally people’s first impression on Yellow River is its harmfulness to the farmland and vegetation.
In fact, several thousand years ago, Yellow river area is the green-land filled with many forests. As the time went, it changed via two reasons: firstly after Qin Dynasty, the climate turned to coldness and raininess. Besides, the loose structure of loess. It was easily weathered and collapsed and worsened the situation of water and soil loss, and a large number of sand and soil were rushed into Yellow river. Secondly the growing population caused the unlimited reclamation and browse and the destruction of the forest and grassland. The natural protection guarantee was lost. After 1949, scientists made up with the measure to manage the Yellow River. The precondition was the forests should be protected well. The attractive scenic spots are Hukou waterfalls and Dragon Gate(Longmen).
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