Though located in a remote northwestern county of Gansu Province, Hezheng Museum of Paleontologic Fossils boasts an unparalleled rich collection of mammal fossils in China.
Hezheng rests in the south of Linxia Basin where the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the Loess Plateau meet each other. Accroding to paleontologists, Linxia Basin used to have a subtropical-warm temperature zone climate, and was a paradise for many kinds of animals in the the Miocene epoch of 24 to 5.2 million years ago. The strong uplift of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau during the Late Cenozoic dramatically affected the environment and the evolution of mammalian faunas in the area.
Since the 1950’s, over ten thousand pieces of fossils of over 70 species/genera have been excavated in Hezheng, most of which are placed in the custody of the Museum of Paleontologic Fossils. The Museum has credit for being the world’s No. 1 in six aspects:-
The richest collection of fossils of Hipparion fauna of Late Miocene epoch;
Fossils of Hezheng Ovibos which are unique in the world;
The largest piece of Dinocrocuta gigantean fossil in the worlds;
The richest collection of Platybelodon (shovel-tusked elephant) fossils in the world;
The largest Equus Linnaeus (skull length being 0.73m, the longest ever found) fossil in the world;
The fossils of the earliest Coelodonta antiquitatis (2.5 million years ago) in the world.
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| Hipparion skeleton fossil | Hezheng ovibo |
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| Equus Linnaeus | Shovel-toothed elephant |
Fossils of other ancient animal species include Chilotherium, reindeer, Rangifer, hemicyoninae, Anchitherium, Kubanochoerus, Sabre-toothed tiger, and so on, to name just a few. .
Many of the species on display in the Museum are of great significance to studies of the evolution of mammalian species, as well as the geographical and climatic changes of the Tertiary Period of the Late Cenozoic epoch.